Indian External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar recently drew a parallel between India’s foreign policy and the qualities embodied by Lord Hanuman during a discussion at the Pune Literature Festival. His remarks have sparked interest and debate regarding the philosophical underpinnings of India’s diplomatic approach in a rapidly changing global landscape.
During the session, Jaishankar articulated that the character of Lord Hanuman, known for his strength, intelligence, and unwavering loyalty, serves as a metaphor for India’s foreign policy. He emphasized that just as Hanuman was devoted to Lord Rama and played a crucial role in the Ramayana, India’s foreign policy should be characterized by a commitment to its national interests while also being adaptable and responsive to global dynamics.
Jaishankar’s comments come at a time when India is increasingly asserting itself on the world stage, navigating complex geopolitical challenges, and fostering relationships with a diverse array of nations. The minister’s analogy highlights the importance of resilience and strategic thinking in diplomacy, suggesting that India must embody the qualities of Hanuman to effectively engage with both allies and adversaries.
The discussion at the Pune Literature Festival, held in December 2025, was part of a broader dialogue on the role of culture and mythology in shaping contemporary Indian identity and policy. Jaishankar’s remarks were well-received by attendees, many of whom appreciated the cultural reference as a means of contextualizing India’s diplomatic strategies.
India’s foreign policy has evolved significantly over the past two decades, particularly under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The government’s approach has been marked by a focus on strengthening bilateral ties, enhancing regional cooperation, and asserting India’s position in multilateral forums. This shift has been driven by a combination of economic imperatives, security concerns, and a desire to project soft power.
In recent years, India has sought to deepen its relationships with key global players, including the United States, Japan, and Australia, while also engaging with neighboring countries in South Asia. The Quad, a strategic alliance comprising India, the U.S., Japan, and Australia, exemplifies this effort to enhance security cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region. Jaishankar’s analogy underscores the need for India to remain agile and proactive in its diplomatic endeavors, akin to Hanuman’s ability to adapt to various challenges.
The implications of Jaishankar’s remarks extend beyond cultural symbolism. They reflect a broader recognition of the need for India to navigate a multipolar world where traditional power dynamics are shifting. As countries like China assert their influence, India faces the challenge of balancing its relationships while safeguarding its sovereignty and national interests.
Furthermore, the analogy to Lord Hanuman resonates with India’s historical narrative of resilience and adaptability. Throughout its history, India has faced numerous challenges, from colonial rule to contemporary geopolitical tensions. The invocation of Hanuman serves as a reminder of the strength and determination that have characterized India’s journey, both domestically and internationally.
Jaishankar’s comments also align with the Indian government’s emphasis on “Atmanirbhar Bharat” or self-reliant India, which seeks to bolster domestic capabilities while engaging with the global economy. This policy framework aims to enhance India’s competitiveness and reduce dependence on external sources, particularly in critical sectors such as technology and defense.
As India continues to assert its presence on the global stage, the qualities associated with Lord Hanuman—strength, intelligence, and loyalty—may serve as guiding principles for its foreign policy. The minister’s remarks invite reflection on how cultural narratives can inform and inspire contemporary governance and diplomacy.
In conclusion, S. Jaishankar’s use of the Lord Hanuman analogy during the Pune Literature Festival highlights the interplay between culture and foreign policy in India. As the nation navigates a complex geopolitical landscape, the qualities embodied by Hanuman may provide a framework for understanding and shaping India’s diplomatic strategies in the years to come. The discussion underscores the importance of resilience, adaptability, and a commitment to national interests as India seeks to carve out its role in an increasingly interconnected world.
